Percutaneous injection of triamcinolone improves margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and upper eyelid retraction (UER) in thyroid eye disease. "Percutaneous triamcinolone injection is an effective and ...

Ocular surface discomfort is the most common chronic complaint in thyroid eye disease (TED) and stems from exposure, tear instability and hyper‑osmolarity caused by proptosis and eyelid retraction.

Please provide your email address to receive an email when new articles are posted on . Surgery is considered in either of the two following situations: When there is active disease that is vision ...

Surgery to treat thyroid eye disease/Graves' disease eyes is complex because surgeons previously needed to do open surgery on the orbit, the bony space around the eye. With the advancement of ...

The list of problems that can produce upper eyelid retraction is extensive. In neonates, the condition is rare, and a relatively small differential diagnosis explains most cases. The most common ...

While proptosis may be one of the hallmark symptoms of thyroid eye disease, in reality, the condition is far more complex and challenging than meets the (bulging) eye. Other symptoms include double ...

Endoscopic orbital decompression is a surgery to treat Graves’ orbitopathy (thyroid eye disease). It removes the middle and bottom walls of the bone surrounding the eye. Surgeons use endoscopes and ...