Its origin from mitochondrial DNA suggests that it may function as part of a retrograde signaling system, where mitochondria ...

ICC is a malignant tumor of the liver characterized by high tumor heterogeneity and poor prognosis. However, there is still a limited understanding of the cellular diversity and molecular basis of ...

Bone and skeletal muscle are essential components of musculoskeletal system, enabling movement, load-bearing, and systemic homeostasis. These tissues communicate through dynamic bone-muscle crosstalk ...

Cell-to-cell communication is essential throughout all forms and stages of life, and many communication mechanisms are well studied. However, over the past few years, scientists have found increasing ...

CYR61, cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61; FT, factors of transcription; LATS, large tumor suppressor; MOB, mob kinase activator; MST, mammalian sterile 20-like ...

A paper, "Macrophages suppress cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts in vivo via IFN-mediated intercellular self-stimulating circuit," published in Protein & Cell uncovers a previously unappreciated ...

BPC-157 and TB-500, originating from gastric and thymic sources respectively, both influence angiogenesis, cytoskeletal ...

Northwestern Medicine investigators have identified novel mechanisms regulating the development of the spinal column during embryonic development, findings that could inform new treatments for ...

Signal transduction The cellular process that converts a signal, such as a hormone, growth factor, neurotransmitter, cytokine, mechanical force, or environmental cue, into biochemical changes inside ...

In summary, macrophages secrete IFN-β, activating the IFN-β-IFNAR-p-STAT1 axis in MICFs, leading to increased secretion of CCL2/7/12 chemokines and subsequent recruitment of more IFN-β-secreting ...

Cell signaling is crucial for cells to communicate and function correctly. Disruptions in these pathways, caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors, can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, ...