Even in the best designs, noise and interference sneak in to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), obscure desired signals, and impair measurement accuracy and repeatability. Digitizing instruments ...

Electrical noise, like taxes, is always with us. Most of the time noise is small and we can ignore it, but there are some measurement circumstances where noise must be dealt with. What can be done to ...

This article will review flow cytometry to help readers understand the challenges faced when increasing flow cytometer SNR (signal-to-noise ratio). Quick review: What is flow cytometry? Flow cytometry ...

Noise is the real enemy of data communications. Whenever electrons travel over a wire or radiate through space, they generate some electromagnetic noise. Therefore, whenever a data signal is sent ...

Some brief theory and typical measurements of phase noise. Standard analysis of PLL phase noise used by most CAD applications. How to produce the lowest phase noise at a PLL output. A standard design ...

The ratio of the power or volume (amplitude) of a signal to the amount of disturbance (the noise) mixed in with it. Measured in decibels, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR, S/N) measures the clarity of the ...